11.5 上帝继续赦免已经称义之人的罪1。他们虽然永不会从称义的状态中堕落2，但他们可能因犯罪而遭受上帝如父一般的不悦，致使祂的脸不再光照他们，直到他们谦卑自己，承认罪行，恳求饶恕，更新他们的信心和悔改3。
11.5 God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified;1 and, although they can never fall from the state of justification,2 yet they may, by their sins, fall under God’s fatherly displeasure, and not have the light of His countenance restored unto them, until they humble themselves, confess their sins, beg pardon, and renew their faith and repentance.3
(1) Mt 6:12; 1 Jn 1:7, 9; 2:1–2; 2 Lk 22:32; Jn 10:28; Heb 10:14; 3 Ps 89:31–33; 51:7–12; 32:5; Mt 26:75; 1 Cor 11:30, 32; Lk 1:20；约壹1:7，9；2:1‑2；(2) 路22:32；约10:28；来10:14；(3) 诗89:31－33；51:7－12；32:5；太26:75；林前11:30，32；路1:20
一个人被称义时，不仅是他的罪债被脱离了，而且上帝按基督为他所满足的而称他为义。这种满足，或为罪所付的债，是包括他所有的罪，原罪或实际的罪，无论是过去，现今还是将来的。这样，被称义的人的所有罪都被原谅了，包括那些他在被有效呼召之时还未犯的罪。这是为什么我们承认：“上帝继续赦免已经称义之人的罪”。所以，一个人被称义之后，上帝再也不会要求他为自己赎罪。他的罪债已经一次性被还完了；他的罪已经被无条件地原谅了。“如今，那些在基督耶稣里的就不定罪了”，使徒保罗如此说（罗8:1）。
When a man is justified, he is not merely acquitted of his guilt, but declared righteous by God on account of the satisfaction that Christ made for him. This satisfaction, or payment of debt due to guilt, is made for all his sins original and actual, past, present and future. In this way, the justified man is forgiven of all his sins, including those he has not yet committed at the time of his effectual call. This is why we are given to confess that “God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified.” And since justification is an act of God founded solely upon His unconditional election, the justified saint can “never fall from the state of justification.” Therefore, there will never be a time after a person is justified that God will again require him to pay for his sin. His debt has been paid for once for all; his sins have all been forgiven unconditionally. “There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus” says the apostle Paul (Rom 8:1).
如果是这样的话，为什么主耶稣教我们祷告“免我们的债，如同我们免了人的债”？简单的回答就是，虽然被称义的人享受司法性的原谅，圣经的教导说他犯罪时会招来上帝如父亲的不悦。“我若心里注重罪孽，主必不听。”（诗66:18）所以，关于那些与基督相联合的上帝的孩子，圣父在第89诗篇如此声明：
If this is the case, why does the Lord Jesus teach us to pray “forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtor”? The simple answer is that although the justified man enjoys judicial forgiveness, the Scripture teaches us that he will incur God’s fatherly displeasure when he falls into sin. “If I regard iniquity in my heart, the Lord will not hear me” (Ps 66:18). Thus the Father declares in Psalm 89 in regard to those who are united to Christ as His children:
“倘若他的子孙离弃我的律法，不照我的典章行，背弃我的律例，不遵守我的诫命，我就要用杖责罚他们的过犯，用鞭责罚他们的罪孽。只是我必不将我的慈爱全然收回，也必不叫我的信实废弃。” （诗篇89:30-33 ）
“30 If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments; 31 If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; 32 Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, and their iniquity with stripes. 33 Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail” (Ps 89:30-33).
这样，我们应当清楚了，虽然我们称义时有司法性的原谅，我们犯罪后依旧需要上帝如父一般的原谅。一个生身的父不会因为他的孩子得罪了他而抛弃孩子，但父亲不会以熟悉或友好的态度对待孩子，直到他请求父亲原谅。有时生身的父甚至会为了改正孩子的态度和行为而管教他（希12:9）。所以我们承认道：“[我们]可能因犯罪而遭受上帝如父一般的不悦，致使祂的脸不再光照[我]们，直到[我]们谦卑自己，承认[我们的]罪行，恳求饶恕，更新[我]们的信心和悔改。” 虽然我们在天上的父永远不会像因为我们惩罚基督那样惩罚我们，祂会管教我们，并且是为我们好，出于对我们的爱。“管教原是众子所共受的，你们若不受管教，就是私子，不是儿子了。”使徒这样告诉希伯来人（希12:8）。
It is clear then, that though we have judicial forgiveness in our justification, we will still need God’s fatherly forgiveness when we sin. An earthly father does not cast away his child when he sins against him, yet he will not relate to him in a familiar and friendly manner until he has sought his forgiveness. Sometimes an earthly father will even chastise his child so as to correct his attitude and behaviour (Heb 12:9). So likewise we are given to confess that “[we] may, by [our] sins, fall under God’s fatherly displeasure, and not have the light of His countenance restored unto [us], until [we] humble [ourselves], confess [our] sins, beg pardon, and renew [our] faith and repentance.” Though our heavenly Father will never punish us as Christ has been punished for us, He would chastise us for our good out of love for us. “If ye be without chastisement, whereof all are partakers, then are ye bastards, and not sons” says the apostle to the Hebrews (Heb 12:8).
所以，让我们感恩地谦卑在我们天父慈爱的手下，寻求祂如父一般的原谅，祈求祂供给我们悔改错失所需的力量，和归信耶稣拯救我们的信心，使我们能享受祂如父一般的笑容的恢复 。
Therefore, let us humble ourselves gratefully under our Father’s loving hand. Let us confess our sins, seek His fatherly forgiveness, pray for strength to repent of our errors and faith to believe in Christ for our deliverance, that we may enjoy a restoration of His fatherly smile.
原文作者： 林集章 、蔡林斯 、欧阳效正
中文譯者： 何恩杰，刘行
來源： Westminster Confession of Faith — With Brief Pastoral Comments
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