9.3  因堕落在罪的状态中，要行与得救相关的属灵的善事，人在意志上已经完全丧失了这样的能力1；因此，他既是属血气的人，心中完全与善为敌2，死在罪中3，所以，他无法靠他自己的力量归正，也不能预备自己归正4。

1 罗5:6；8:7；约15:5；2 罗3:10；3 弗2:1、5；西2:13；4 约6:44、65；林前2:14；弗2:2-5；多3:3-5。

9.3  Man, by his fall into a state of sin, hath wholly lost all ability of will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation:1 so as, a natural man, being altogether averse from that good,2 and dead in sin,3 is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.4

1 Rom 5:6; 8:7; Jn 15:5; 2 Rom 3:10, 12;  3 Eph 2:1, 5. Col. 2:13;  4 Jn 6:44, 65; Eph 2:2–5; 1 Cor 2:14; Tit. 3:13, 4–5.

在前一章节里，我们了解了亚当和夏娃在无罪状态的意志，并他们如何有完美不染的能力与癖性做出好又能让上帝喜悦的选择；但他们然而还具有犯罪的可能性——能违反上帝明确的诫律而犯罪，从无罪的状态堕落——而当他们被魔鬼诱惑时，他们就是自由选择这么做。
In the previous paragraph, we looked at the wills of Adam and Eve in their state of innocency, and how they had the perfect and untainted ability and propensity to choose what is good and pleasing to God, but how they were, nevertheless, also posse peccare—able to fall from that state by sinning against the clear commandment of God, which they freely chose to do when tempted by the devil.

虽然堕落没有夺走人的意志，它却造成意志的本质被完全变化。堕落的人在败坏的状态中，如上帝在圣经里所形容，是“软弱”（罗5:6）的，与上帝为仇，不能服祂的律法（罗8:7）。对于做出更善良更能让上帝喜悦的事这个能力，人再“好”也仍然是死的（弗2:1；西2:13）。他是non posse non peccare——就是不能不犯罪，则只能犯罪。基督也自己说过，我们若离了祂，我们就不能做什么，除了那些能惹上帝将我们扔在火里烧了的事情（约15:5-6）；而若不是差基督来的父吸引人，就没有能到基督这里来的（约6:44）。
While the fall did not take away man’s will, it did completely alter its nature.  The fallen man in this state of sin is described by God in the Bible as “without strength” (Rom 5:6), hostile towards God and unable to be subject to His law (Rom 8:7). As far as the ability to do that which is good and pleasing to God, man is now as “good” as dead (Eph 2:1; Col 2:13). He is non posse non peccare, not able to not sin, or able only to sin. Christ Himself says that, apart from him, we can do nothing except that which will cause God to cast us into the fire to be burned (John 15:5–6), and that no man can come to him on his own accord, but only those who the Father draws to him (John 6:44).

这并不是说罪人根本没有自由的意志，但简单来说，他有了属于罪人的意志。我们不能说鱼不能飞就不是自由的，因为鱼的本质根本没有飞行的能力，反而只能游。同样的，罪人的本质有犯罪的能力，而每天也就是这么做。属血的人无法领会和知道上帝圣灵的事（歌前2:14）。就这样，圣经说到堕落的人是罪之奴仆，不是被义所约束（罗6:20）。但是，如加尔文指出，我们是“甘愿为奴隶”，必定会做出邪恶的事；然而，我们这么做是情愿的，而非受强迫所致（基督教要义2.2.7）。

This is not to say that the sinful man no longer has free will, but simply that he has the free will of a sinner. We do not say that a fish is not free because it cannot fly, because it is not in the nature of a fish to be able to fly but only to swim. Likewise, it is the nature of sinners to sin and that we freely do every day, but we have no ability to choose that which is good. The natural man cannot receive or know the spiritual things of God (1 Cor 2:14). In that sense, the Bible speaks of the fallen man as indeed a slave of sin and free from righteousness (Rom 6:20). But, as Calvin points out, we are “willing slaves” who do our wickedness necessarily but, nonetheless, willingly and not by compulsion (Inst. 2.1.7).

在这一章里所有章节当中，这一章节引起了最大的争论。改革神学家就是因这点而与罗马神学家坚决反对彼此的立场，而且此教义也（无疑因为魔鬼的诡计）正是存有最大无知与混乱的。今日的福音派大大回到了罗马教会的半拍拉纠主义，否认了基督明确的教导，又相信未重生的人能自己立志行事在上帝面前做善良的事，甚至能做到最善的——那就是悔改相信主耶稣！到底还有什么是不信者不能做到的事呢？

Of all the paragraphs in this chapter, it is this subject of the fallen will which has generated the most controversy. It is here that the Reformation theologians took a strong and decisive stand against the Romanists (and vice versa), but also where (unsurprisingly, given the wiles of the devil) there is the most ignorance and confusion. Evangelicals today have largely returned to Rome’s semi-Pelagianism, denying the clear teaching of Christ himself and believing that the unregenerate man is able, on his own, to will and to do what is good before God, even that greatest good which is most conducive to his own salvation—to repent and believe on the Lord Jesus! What else can the unbeliever not be capable of?

虽然我们想要平和吸引那些无知受骗的来接受真理，我们千万不能以为这不是关系到福音中心的严重错误——它顺理成章意味到大胆拒绝上帝恩典的真理。这已经一次又一次发生过。罗马天主教会已误入歧途，拒绝人得救确实需要认识耶稣的必要性。总之，人倘若能在恩典之外自由行善，他就不需要恩典。

While we want to be gentle and winsome in reaching out with the truth to the ignorant and deceived, we must not pretend that this is not a serious error that cuts deep to the core of the Gospel and, if brought to its logical conclusion, constitutes an outright denial of God’s grace. It has happened over and over again. The Roman Catholic Church has itself gone down that path of denying that one actually needs to know Christ to be saved. Ultimately, if man is freely able to do good apart from grace, then man does not need grace.

因此，我们与圣经同样承认，我们的救赎并“不在乎那定意的，也不在乎那奔跑的，只在乎发怜悯的神”（罗9:16）——就是说我们自己本身完全不能知道、选择或做出任何能把我们从罪恶里，而从上帝为此的审判救出来的事情。上帝必须改变我们，否则我们会受到灭亡。上帝必须以自己的自由恩惠（而不是我们的自由意志），在我们能愿意了解我们多么邪恶、之前，供给我们新的一颗心。赞美上帝——因为祂没有使我们灵魂的永恒命运取决于我们意志的选择！

Here then, we confess with the Holy Scriptures that our salvation is “not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy” (Rom. 9:16)—that we are of ourselves completely unable to know, choose, or do anything which will save us from our sin and from God’s judgement for it. God must change us or we will perish. God must, not by our free will but by his free grace, give us a new heart before we can even be willing to understand how wicked we are and to turn to Christ alone for salvation. Praise the Lord that he does not leave the eternity of your soul up to your willingness!